French Resistance Groups
In November of 1941 the first Combat Resistance group was created. It was lead by Henry Frenay and was the most successful group in metropolitan France. The group published the clandestine newspaper. The newspaper became very well known and reached over 300,000 people. Later in May, the Combat group decided to join many other resistance group; becoming one large resistance group, called the Conseil National De La Resistance.
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The Front National Resistance group started in 1940, when the Gestapo group started hunting down communist and socialists. The people in this group were hiding underground and came to form the Maquis. There underground newspaper was called the L'Humanité. This was a National front for the independence of France. Pierre Villion was the establisher and organizer of the group. In 1943 the Font National became the biggest resistance group in France. Later, the group joined others to form the Conseil National De La Resistance.
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Members of French Resistance
In 1936 Lucie Aubrac became curious in the activities that Adolf Hitler was involved in, including the Nazi Party. She was a member of the French Communist party and so was her husband, Raymond Samuel. Later, Raymonds parents were placed in a concentration camp. Determined to hide their Jewish believes the couple changed their last name to Aubrac. The two became even more involved in the resistance, they became the group organizers. Lucie and Raymond had their first child in 1941. The child started at a young age and was brought to all the meetings and events. Soon word had gotten out about the French Resistance group and people started getting arrested. The couple and baby went into hiding in which a plane later came and picked them up, taking them to London. Lucie was the first women to be at a French parliamentary assembly. After the war the couple continued to be apart of the French Communist Party. Lucie taught history and went around to different schools sharing her experiences with the war.
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Charles Tillion was born and raised in France. He joined the Navy in 1919. He joined a Communist Party in 1936 and was a trade union activist. In 1940 Charles joined the French Resistance. Very active in it, he became a leader of the Frances-Tireurs Partisans. Being a leader, he organized events within the military and region. One of the events that Tillion organized was a communist revolution. Unfortunately this was after D-day and people decided not to participate. In 1952 Tillion was given information, saying that he was no longer apart of the group.
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Henry Frenay joined the French Army and became captain in World War Two. Henry was captured as a captain and was taken to Vosges. He became a prisoner and escaped in 1940. In 1941 Henry joined the French Resistance group. He was an underground newspaper reporter for the Les Petities Ailes. Henry Frenay is best known for his idea of uniting the eight major resistance groups together. In 1943 Frenay was moved up to minister of prisoners. Later he returned to France and served in government. In 1988 Henry died.
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References:
"The White Rose Movement." The White Rose Movement. N.p., n.d. Web.5 May 2014.
<http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/white_rose_movement.htm>.
"The French Resistance." The French Resistance. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 May 2014.
<http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/french_resistance.htm>.
"Spartacus Educational." Spartacus Educational. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 May 2014.
<http://spartacus-educational.com/FRaubracL.htm?menu=FRresist>.
"The White Rose Movement." The White Rose Movement. N.p., n.d. Web.5 May 2014.
<http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/white_rose_movement.htm>.
"The French Resistance." The French Resistance. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 May 2014.
<http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/french_resistance.htm>.
"Spartacus Educational." Spartacus Educational. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 May 2014.
<http://spartacus-educational.com/FRaubracL.htm?menu=FRresist>.